CLINIVETRA
Dijital Veteriner Okulu
Practical articles on pharmacology, internal medicine, surgery, laboratory work and emergency care.
In the emergency room, pain is often the item deferred with "let's stabilise first, we'll deal with it after". Yet untreated pain is not merely a comfort issue: it produces tachycardia, hypertension, increased oxygen consumption, immune suppression and delayed healing. Treating pain is therefore part of stabilisation,…
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common presentations in older cats. Once the diagnosis is made, what often determines how long the patient lives is not the kidney itself, but how the other drugs that patient receives are managed. This article is not about treating CKD as a whole. It is about what chang…